What makes Rietveld Schröder House historically important?
The Rietveld Schröder House at Prins Hendriklaan 50 is the building every design student eventually makes a pilgrimage to, and the only structure that art historians agree fully embodies De Stijl — the Dutch movement of straight lines, primary colours, and asymmetric planes that also produced Mondrian's paintings. Gerrit Rietveld designed it in 1924 for Truus Schröder-Schräder, a widow who asked, only half in jest, for a house "without walls." The result reads less like a home than a three-dimensional Mondrian: white and grey rectangles slide past each other, slender steel beams are painted red, yellow, and blue, and balconies cantilever into space with no visible support. When it was built it sat at the very end of a terrace of conventional brick houses, and the contrast — then considered scandalous — is still the point.
The radical move is invisible from the street. The entire upper floor is a single open volume that the occupant could reconfigure in seconds using sliding and folding partitions, turning a daytime studio into three bedrooms and a bathroom by nightfall. Mrs. Schröder lived here, adjusting her walls daily, until her death in 1985; the house was then restored by architect Bertus Mulder and opened to the public. It became a national monument in 1976 and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000 — the only twentieth-century house on the list at the time of its inscription. Because the rooms are tiny and the original furniture irreplaceable, the Centraal Museum admits visitors only in small guided groups, which is exactly why a knowledgeable guide turns a quick look into an understanding of why this house changed architecture.